Index P

PACE (Program of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly) 90, 171

Pacemakers 897

Paclitaxel 720t

in breast cancer 1227t

Paget's disease

of bone 480-483, 485t

of nipple 1217

Pain 383-396

in abdominal aortic aneurysm 935

in angina pectoris 855

anorectal 1079

in aortic dissection 939

in appendicitis 1123

in cancer 718t

in celiac axis obstruction 1119

chronic 384, 385

classification of 385t

diagnosis of 387f

in diverticulosis 1054, 1055t

in dying patient 116, 140

ear 1333-1334

in gallstones 1125

in gastric volvulus 1050

headache (see Headache)

heel 549t, 554-555

intensity of 387, 387f

in intestinal tract obstruction 1114

management of 387-396 (see also Analgesia)

     acupuncture in 278

     adjuvant analgesics in 390, 394t

     in cancer 722

     cold therapy in 276

     drugs for 388

     in dying patient 140

     heat therapy in 274-276

     massage in 278

     NSAIDs in 386t, 389-390

     nursing care in 262-264

     opioids in 387t, 390-393

     postoperative 262-264

     regional anesthesia for 263

     in rehabilitation 274-278

     resources on 1416-1417

     traction in 277-278

     transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in 277

in mesenteric ischemia 1118

mixed or unspecified 385t

in multiple myeloma 734

in muscular disorders 512, 513

neck 1350

neuropathic 384, 385, 385t, 394t-395t

     in foot 555-557

nociceptive 385t

occipital 1350

in osteoarthritis 490

in pancreatic cancer 1148

in peptic ulcer disease 1043-1044

in peripheral atherosclerosis 915-916

postoperative 250, 262-264

     epidural infusion for 264

     after knee surgery 263

     after leg amputation 286

     after limb surgery 263

in pressue sores 1271

in prostatitis 1188

psychologically mediated 385t

quality of life and 113

scales for 387, 387f

in trigeminal neuralgia 1350

Palate, myoclonus of, tinnitus and 1330t

Palliative care 140, 723 (see also Dying patient)

Palmar fibromatosis 539-540

Palsy

cranial nerve 1311-1312

pseudobulbar, dysphagia in 1031

Pamidronate

in cancer pain management 722

in hypercalcemia 579-580

in osteoporosis 479-480

in Paget's disease of bone 485t

Pancreas

age-related changes in 1003, 1095-1096

bleeding from 1111

calcifications of 1103

cancer of

cysts of 1132-1133

disorders of 1130-1133

gastrinoma of 1048-1049

inflammation of (see Pancreatitis)

insufficiency of 1096, 1098t, 1103-1104

peptic ulcer penetration of 1044

trauma to 1130-1131

tumors of 1145-1148, 1146t

     bile duct obstruction by 1012

Pancreatic duct

endoscopic retrograde cannulation of 1103-1104

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography of 1011-1013

Pancreaticojejunostomy 1132

Pancreatitis 1127, 1131-1132

diabetes mellitus and 625-626

gallstones and 1131

Pancreatoduodenectomy 1147

Pancreatolithiasis 1132

Pancreolauryl test 1103

Pangastritis 1041-1042

Panic disorder 326

Pao₂ (partial pressure of arterial oxygen)

age-related changes in 756

in pulmonary embolism 776

in respiratory failure 788

Papanicolaou (Pap) test 35, 48t, 718t, 1192, 1206

Papillary muscle, rupture of 861

Paraesophageal hernia 1120-1121

Paraffin bath therapy 275

Paraganglioma 1340-1341

Parainfluenza viruses 759

Paralysis agitans (see also Parkinsonism)

Paranasal sinuses, infection of 1347-1348

Paranoid reactions 330

Paraphrenia 330-331, 347-348

Paraproteinemia 1358-1359

Parasitic infection

cholangitis and 1126-1127

cutaneous 1246t

malabsorption with 1100t, 1103

Parasomnias 459-460

Parathyroid glands, adenoma of 578, 580

Parathyroid hormone

blood 575, 1384t

in calcium metabolism 572-573

in hypercalcemia 578

immunoreactive 1384t

magnesium effects on 583

in osteoporosis 480

Parenteral nutrition

in malabsorption syndromes 1104

in malnutrition 601-602, 602t

Parietal cells, antibodies to 1041

Parkinson's disease 432-441

Parkinsonism 433

adverse drug interactions with 67t

dementia in 435

gait abnormalities in 205-206, 433

Lewy bodies in 368

multiple system atrophy in 442

progressive supranuclear palsy in 441-442

resources on 1417

secondary 444t

sexual function and 1161

sleep disorders in 440

treatment of 71, 436-441, 449t

Paroxetine 72

in generalized anxiety disorder 324

in posttraumatic stress disorder 327

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia 886t, 889 (see also Arrhythmias)

Patient history 24-30

drug review in 26

in elder abuse 150, 152

functional review in 30

medical review in 25-26

mental health review in 29-30

nutrition review in 26

preoperative 242-243

sexual 1157, 1174-1176

social review in 30-31

spiritual 148

Patient's Bill of Rights 129t

PCA (see Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty)

Pediculosis 1246t

Pefloxacin 1372t

Pelger-Huët nuclear anomaly 741

Pelvic examination 35, 1192

in urinary incontinence 974

Pelvic support disorders 1194-1200, 1196f, 1197f, 1198f, 1199f

Pelvis, fracture of 229-230

Pemphigoid

bullous 1256-1257

Pemphigus vulgaris 1257-1258

Penbutolol 843t

Penetrating artery disease 411-413, 412t

Penicillamine

in rheumatoid arthritis 503

sexual function and 1163t

in systemic sclerosis 506

Penicillin 1366, 1367t-1368t

in infective endocarditis 883t

methotrexate interaction with 68t

Penis

brachial artery pressure index of 1169

cancer of 1190-1191

condylomata of 1190

disorders of 1189-1191, 1189t

erection of 1166 (see also Erectile dysfunction)

     sustained (priapism) 1170, 1190

inflammation of 1189-1190, 1189t

nocturnal tumescence of 1169-1170

prosthetic 1171

vascular surgery on 1171

adverse effects of 64t

aging effect on 60t

Pentoxifylline 918

Peptic ulcer disease 1042-1047

adverse drug interactions with 67t

bleeding in 1110

clinical presentation of 39-40

NSAIDs and 1043

in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome 1048

Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty 949-950

in aortic valve stenosis 867

Percutaneous coronary interventions 944-947, 945t

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy 1008

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty 944-947

after myocardial infarction 863t

in myocardial infarction 860-861

in peripheral atherosclerosis 919

Pereyra procedure 978

Pergolide 440

Perhexiline, sexual function and 1164t

Perindopril

in hypertension 842t

Periodic limb movement disorder 459-460

Periodontal disease 1015-1017

Perioperative care 248-255

Peripheral nerves

age-related changes in 383

Peripheral vascular disease

adverse drug interactions with 67t

arterial 915-923, 921t

foot symptoms and 556

venous 923-932

Peripheral vascular resistance 816t

in hypertension 821-822

Peritoneal dialysis 962, 963

Peritoneum

inflammation of 1057, 1063

     in mesenteric ischemia 1118

tumors of 1152-1153

Permethrin 1246t

Pernicious anemia 685, 1041

Perphenazine

adverse effects of 64t

Personality 308-309

in dementia 359

Pessary 977, 1199, 1199f

Peyronie's disease

sexual activity and 1161, 1167

pH

disorders of 584-588, 585t

esophageal, in gastroesophageal reflux disease 1040

normal 584

stool 1090

Phalen's maneuver 541

Phantom limb 286-287

Pharmacist 83-86

of geriatric interdisciplinary team 76t

practice settings of 84-86

Pharmacodynamics 59-62, 60t

Pharmacokinetics 56-59

Pharmacologic stress testing 825t, 827t, 828-829

Pharmacology 54-74, 55t (see also Drugs)

Pharmacotherapy 63-74, 64t-66t

Pharynx, Zenker's diverticulum of 1036-1037

     dysphagia with 1032

Phenelzine, sexual function and 1164t

Phenobarbital, isoniazid interaction with 1375t

Phenothiazines (see also specific drugs)

diuretic interaction with 69t

sexual function and 1163t, 1164t

Phenoxybenzamine, sexual function and 1164t

Phenoxymethyl penicillin 1367t

Phentolamine, sexual function and 1164t

Phenylbutazone, adverse effects of 64t

Phenylephrine

aging effect on 60t

in priapism 1190

Phenylpropanolamine 978

Phenytoin 888t

drug interactions with 68t, 1373t-1375t

in pain management 394t

in trigeminal neuralgia 1350

Philadelphia chromosome 703, 705f

Phlebotomy

in hemochromatosis 1073

in polycythemia vera 710

Phlegmasia cerulea dolens 924-925, 926

Phobic disorders 327, 347

Phosphate 580

age-related change in 1384t

decrease in (hypophosphatemia) 581-582

     osteomalacia with 484

in hypercalcemia treatment 579

in hypocalcemia 574

increase in (hyperphosphatemia) 582

     in chronic renal failure 964

in osteomalacia 485-486

Phosphate-binding agents 962, 964

Photoaging 1236-1238

Phototherapy 1250, 1255

Phthirus pubis infestation 1246t

Physical examination 31-38

in delirium 353

disease presentations at 38-40

in elder abuse 152-153, 153t

mental status evaluation in 38

nutritional status evaluation in 38

Physical restraints 100

Physical therapy 269-273, 270t, 271f, 272t, 274f (see also Occupational therapy; Rehabilitation)

in hip fracture 283-284

in leg amputation 284-285

in parkinsonism 437

in stroke 280-283

Physician

of geriatric interdisciplinary team 76t

in home health care 87-88

multiple 53

to nursing home 107

Pick's disease 367

Pilocarpine

in glaucoma 1300t

in xerostomia 1029

Pindolol 842t

Pinguecula 1313-1314, 1314f

Pinna

benign lesions of 1342

cancer of 1342-1343

Pioglitazone 73, 633, 635t

Pipemidic acid 1372t

Piperacillin 1368t

in infective endocarditis 884t

Piroxicam 386t, 492t

Plantar fasciosis (fasciitis) 554

Plantar nerve entrapment 547t

Plaque(s), senile 381

Plasma cell tumor 733

Plasmapheresis 523

Plastic surgery 240-241

Platelet(s)

age-related changes in 673

in fibrinolytic agent--related hemorrhage 701

inhibitors of 701-702

Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex inhibitors

in acute coronary syndromes 702

in ischemic stroke 411

Plethysmography 925

Pleural effusion 773

Plicamycin 737

Pneumatic compression boots 926

Pneumococcal vaccine 761, 1358, 1360t, 1365-1366

Pneumonia 758-762, 762t

clinical presentation of 39

eosinophilic 796t

mortality rates for 12, 13t, 14f

pneumococcal 758, 762t

     prevention of 49t

in respiratory failure 788

viral 759

Pneumonitis

aspiration 796t

hypersensitivity 795t

Pao₂ (partial pressure of oxygen)

in respiratory failure 788

Podagra 495

Polyarteritis nodosa 509-510

Polycythemia, testosterone therapy and 1174

Polycythemia vera 708-711, 709t

vs. primary thrombocythemia 707

Polydipsia

primary 564, 565t

Polymyalgia rheumatica 506-509

Polymyositis 517t, 526-527

Polymyxin B 1371t

Polyp(s)

colonic 1009, 1140-1141

gallbladder 1128

gastric 1136

nasal 1344, 1345

small-intestine 1139

Polypectomy 1141

Polypharmacy 56

Polysomnography 453

Polythiazide

in hypertension 839t

Pons, hemorrhage in 421t

Popliteal artery aneurysm 937-938

Popliteal cyst 926

Popliteal pulse 917

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), in respiratory failure 791-792

Positron emission tomography

in cardiovascular disorders 831

Postherpetic neuralgia 1018

Postoperative care 250-255

Postphlebitic syndrome 694, 924, 930

Posttraumatic stress disorder 322

Postural instability 181-195 (see also Dizziness)

Posture

in parkinsonism 435

walking 205

Posturography, in dizziness 189, 194

Potassium

decrease in (hypokalemia) 568-570, 569t

     myopathy and 531-532

increase in (hyperkalemia) 570-571, 570t

     age-related increase in 954

     in renal failure 962

metabolism of 568-571, 569t, 570t

postoperative 253

Potassium channel blockers 888t

Potassium chloride, in hypokalemia 569-570

Potassium iodide, in hyperthyroidism 652

Potassium phosphate, in hypercalcemia 737

Potassium-sparing diuretics

in hypertension 839t

Powders 1244t

Power of attorney for health care 135

PPD (purified protein derivative) test 765

Pramlintide 636

Pramipexole 440, 449t

Pravastatin 617, 618t-620t, 621

Praxis 349

Prazosin

aging effect on 60t

in bladder outlet obstruction 979

in hypertension 842t

sexual function and 1164t

Precipitancy, urinary 971

Prednisone (see also Corticosteroids)

in bullous pemphigoid 1256-1257

in chronic leukemia 732

in Crohn's disease 1064t, 1065

in dermatomyositis 525-526

in Eaton-Lambert syndrome 523

in giant cell arteritis 509

in Hodgkin's disease 747t

in hypercalcemia 579

in idiopathic autoimmune hemolysis 681

in inclusion body myositis 524

in multiple myeloma 736

in myasthenia gravis 522

in myelofibrosis 713

in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 752t

in pemphigus vulgaris 1258

in polymyalgia rheumatica 509

in rheumatoid arthritis 502

in ulcerative colitis 1060-1061, 1061t

Pregabalin 393

Pregnenolone 656

Preload 816t

Preoperative evaluation 242-248, 244t, 246t, 247t, 248t

Presbycusis 1317, 1317

(see also Hearing, loss of)

Presbyesophagus 1001

Presbyopia 32, 1288, 1289

cataract-related correction of 1294

Pressure sores 1261-1276

classification of 1265t-1266t

in dying patient 120

fractures and 221

during hospitalization 101-102

monitoring of 1271

nutritional support in 1270-1271

prevention of 1264, 1268t

risk factors for 1262-1264, 1265t, 1267f

sites of 1263f

stages of 1262, 1262t

treatment of 1264, 1268t, 1272t

Presyncope 181

Prevention

of accidents 52

of Alzheimer's disease 367

of cancer 716

of caries 1014

of deep vein thrombosis 926-928

disease 46-54, 47t, 48t, 49t, 51t

     annual examination for 47-48, 47t

     caregiver role in 49

     exercise for 48t

     lifestyle for 49t

     nutrition for 48t

of falls 52, 200, 201t-203t, 296

of frailty 48t, 52

of heatstroke 661

of hypothermia 663

of iatrogenic complications 53-54

of influenza 769-770

of malnutrition 47t

of photoaging 1238

of pneumococcal pneumonia 761

of pressure sores 1264, 1268t, 1269t

of psychosocial problems 54

of pulmonary embolism 778

of tuberculosis 766

Priapism 1190

alprostadil-associated 1170

Privacy 131

Privilege

doctrine of 133

therapeutic 133

Probenecid

in gout 496

methotrexate interaction with 68t

Probucol 619t, 622

Procainamide 888t

antinuclear antibodies with 504

clearance of 887

Procarbazine

in Hodgkin's disease 747t

in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 752t

Procidentia 1079-1080, 1195, 1197f, 1200

Proctalgia fugax 1079

Proctocolectomy

in Crohn's disease 1065

in ulcerative colitis 1062

Proctography, defecating 1083

Progeria 8

Progestins

in breast cancer 1226t

in endometrial hyperplasia 1216

postmenopausal 1214, 1216-1217

Program of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) 90, 171

Progressive supranuclear palsy 441-442

parkinsonism in 444t

Prolapse

of rectum 1195, 1196f, 1200

of urethra 1200

of uterus 1195, 1197

of vagina 1195, 1197f, 1200

Promethazine, adverse effects of 64t

Propafenone 888t

Propanolol

in hypertension 843t

Propantheline

adverse effects of 65t

in detrusor overactivity 977t

Propantheline bromide 1055t

Propoxyphene 390

adverse effects of 64t

Propranolol 888t

aging effect on 60t

in hypertension 842t

sexual function and 1164t

in stable angina 856

in thyroid storm 652

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation 271-272

Propylthiouracil 652

Prostaglandin(s)

analogs of, in glaucoma 1300t

E₁, intracavernosal injection of 1169, 1170

gastric 1043

Prostamides 1300t

Prostatectomy

in benign prostatic hyperplasia 1182-1183

in bladder outlet obstruction 979

in prostate cancer 1185

sexual activity after 1162

Prostate gland

adverse drug interactions with 67t

benign hyperplasia of 1179-1183, 1181t

     urinary incontinence and 972, 979

biopsy of 1184

cancer of 1183-1186, 1185t

     PSA testing for (see Prostate-specific antigen)

     resources on 1412

     screening for 48t, 716-717, 718t

disorders of 1179-1189, 1181t, 1185t, 1187t

inflammation of (see Prostatitis)

resources on 1416

stenting of 1182

transurethral ablation of 1182

transurethral incision of, in benign hyperplasia 1183

transurethral resection (TURP) of

     in benign hyperplasia 1183

     in bladder outlet obstruction 979

     hyponatremia after 253

     sexual function after 1162

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 48t, 716-717, 718t

age-related changes in 1384t, 1385

in benign prostatic hyperplasia 1180

for cancer screening 47t

finasteride effect on 1182

in prostate cancer 1183, 1184

testosterone effects on 655, 1174

Prostatitis 1186-1189, 1187t

sexual activity and 1160

Prosthetic devices

cardiovascular 947-949

dental 1016

leg 285-286

penile 1171

Protamine sulfate 698

Protein

hepatic metabolism of 1004

postoperative 254

restriction of, in chronic renal failure 963

Protein C

deficiency of 691

resistance to 690

in venous thrombosis 923-924, 930

Protein:creatinine ratios 1385

Protein-energy undernutrition 595-603 (see also Malnutrition)

Protein S deficiency 691

Proteinuria 1385

Prothrombin time 700

Proton pump inhibitors (see also specific drugs)

in gastroesophageal reflux disease 1040

in peptic ulcer disease 1046

Pruritus 1245

of anus (pruritus ani) 1073-1074

in chronic renal failure 964

with gold therapy 503

in pancreatic cancer 1148

in polycythemia vera 710-711

PSA (see Prostate-specific antigen)

Pseudoachalasia 1035

Pseudobulbar palsy 1031

Pseudoclaudication 205

Pseudocyst, pancreatic 1132-1133

Pseudodementia 308, 319t, 345

Pseudofractures 484

Pseudogout 496-497

Pseudohypertension 32, 823, 836

Pseudohyponatremia 565

Pseudohypoparathyroidism 575

Pseudomembranous colitis 254

Pseudomonas infection

in endocarditis 884t

treatment of 1368t-1372t

Pseudoptosis 32, 1310

Psoralens plus ultraviolet A (PUVA)

in dermatitis 1250

in psoriasis 1255

Psoriasis 1254-1255

Psychiatric disorders 310-340 (see also specific disorders)

aging and 307-310

assessment for 29-30, 43-44

cognition and 308

in dementia 371-377, 376t

drugs for (see Psychoactive drugs)

in irritable bowel syndrome 1070

medical illness--associated 321

physical health effects of 309-310

resources on 1417

urinary incontinence with 966

Psychoactive drugs 71-73 (see also specific drugs)

aging effects on 60t-61t

in delirium 356

fall risk and 197t

hepatic metabolism of 58t

Psychogeriatric Dependency Rating Scale 345t, 350

Psychosis 329-333

in dementia 359, 373-374

hearing impairment and 309

in intensive care unit 251

Psychosocial care

day programs for 92

in pulmonary rehabilitation 809

Psychotherapy

in depression 319-320

in generalized anxiety 326

in panic disorder 327

Psychotropics (see Psychoactive drugs)

Psyllium 1091t

Pterygium 1313-1314, 1314f

Ptosis 1310

Pubic ramus, fractures of 229-230

Pubovaginal sling 978

Pudendal neuropathy 1093

Pulmonary compliance 753-754

Pulmonary edema

in acute mitral regurgitation 874

in respiratory failure 788

Pulmonary embolism 695t, 771-778

anticoagulation for 697

deep vein thrombosis and 924, 929

estrogen replacement therapy and 1215

fractures and 215-216

pretest probability of 773-774

prognosis for 776-777

Pulmonary fibrosis 794t

Pulmonary hypertension 877

chest x-ray in 829

Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis 796t

Pulmonary rehabilitation 806-809

Pulmonic valve regurgitation 877

Pulse oximetry 249

Pulses

in carotid artery atherosclerosis 406t

in peripheral atherosclerosis 916-917

in physical examination 31

Pulsus bisferiens 870

Pulsus paradoxus 788

Pupils

age-related changes in 1287

Purpura 1237

Pustular psoriasis 1254

Putamen, hemorrhage in 421t

Pyelonephritis 985

Pyrazinamide 766-767

Pyridostigmine bromide 521

Pyridoxine 591

blood, age-related change in 1384t

drug interactions with 589t

in myelodysplastic syndromes 742

in sideroblastic anemia 684

in tuberculosis 767