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THE MERCK MANUAL MEDICAL LIBRARY: The Merck Manual of Medical Information--Home Edition
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La

Labia majora

External Genital Organs
External Female Genital OrgansFigures

  • in newborn

  • Physical Examination

    Labia minora

    External Genital Organs
    External Female Genital OrgansFigures

    Labor and delivery

    Normal Labor and Delivery

  • amniotic fluid embolism in

  • Problems Affecting the Woman: Amniotic Fluid Embolism

  • birthing centers for

  • Normal Labor and Delivery

  • cerebral palsy after

  • Cerebral Palsy (CP)

  • cesarean section for

  • Labor and Delivery Procedures

  • complications of

  • Labor and Delivery Complications
    Position and Presentation of the FetusFigures
    Using Forceps or a Vacuum ExtractorFigures

  • disseminated intravascular coagulation in

  • Risk Factors That Develop During Pregnancy: Placental Abruption (Abruptio Placentae)
    Problems Affecting the Woman: Amniotic Fluid Embolism

  • drug use during

  • Drug Use During Pregnancy: Drugs Used During Labor and Delivery

  • fetal problems during

  • Monitoring the FetusSidebar
    Fetus or Newborn Problems
    Position and Presentation of the FetusFigures
    Anemia: Symptoms and Treatment

  • forceps for

  • Delivery
    Labor and Delivery Procedures
    Using Forceps or a Vacuum ExtractorFigures

  • induction of

  • Labor and Timing Problems: Premature Rupture of the Membranes
    Labor and Delivery Procedures

  • infection after

  • Infections

  • inverted uterus with

  • Problems Affecting the Woman: Inverted Uterus

  • maternal heart disease and

  • Risk Factors Present Before Pregnancy: Heart Disease

  • monitoring after

  • Hospital (What to Expect)

  • of multiple births

  • Fetus or Newborn Problems: Multiple Births

  • natural

  • Natural ChildbirthSidebar

  • newborn injury during

  • Birth Injury

  • pain relief during

  • Labor: Pain Relief

  • position for

  • Delivery

  • postdelivery period and

  • Postdelivery Period

  • postterm

  • Postmaturity

  • in preeclampsia

  • Problems Affecting the Woman: Preeclampsia

  • presentations for

  • Labor
    Fetus or Newborn Problems: Abnormal Position and Presentation of the Fetus
    Position and Presentation of the FetusFigures
    Physical Examination

  • preterm

  • Labor and Timing Problems: Preterm Labor
    Prematurity
    Physical Features of a Premature NewbornSidebar

  • shoulder dystocia in

  • Fetus or Newborn Problems: Shoulder Dystocia

  • slow progression of

  • Labor and Timing Problems: Labor That Progresses Too Slowly

  • stages of

  • Stages of LaborFigures
    Labor

  • timing problems in

  • Labor and Timing Problems

  • of twins

  • Fetus or Newborn Problems: Multiple Births

  • umbilical cord prolapse in

  • Fetus or Newborn Problems: Prolapsed Umbilical Cord

  • uterine bleeding after

  • Problems Affecting the Woman: Uterine Bleeding

  • vacuum extractor for

  • Using Forceps or a Vacuum ExtractorFigures
    Labor and Delivery Procedures

    Labyrinth (inner ear)

    A Look Inside the EarFigures
    Ears: Inner Ear

  • disorders of

  • Middle and Inner Ear Disorders
    How Ear Disorders Affect the Facial NerveFigures

    Labyrinthectomy

    Meniere's Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment

    Labyrinthitis

  • in children

  • Middle Ear Infections: Acute Middle Ear Infection

    Laceration

  • bladder

  • Bladder Injuries: Treatment

  • cerebral

  • Cerebral Contusions and Lacerations

  • ear

  • Injury

  • esophagus

  • Injury: Esophageal Laceration

  • eye

  • Lacerated Eyeball

  • eyelid

  • Eyelid Lacerations

  • first aid for

  • Wounds

  • kidney

  • Kidney Injuries
    Kidney Injuries: Minor to SevereFigures

  • liver

  • Biopsy of the Liver

    Lacrimal system

    see also Tears and tear system
    Viewing the Lacrimal StructuresFigures
    Eyelid and Tearing Disorders

    La Cross encephalitis

    Encephalitis: Epidemic Encephalitis

    Lactase deficiency

    Effects of Aging: Small Intestine
    Symptoms: Causes
    Lactose Intolerance

    Lactate (lactic acid)

    Blood Tests Tables

    Lactate dehydrogenase

    Selected Tumor Markers Tables

    Lactation

    see also Breastfeeding

  • abnormal (galactorrhea)

  • Galactorrhea

    Lactic acid (lactate)

    Blood Tests Tables

    Lactic hydrogenase

    Blood Tests Tables

    Lactobacilli, of vagina

    Vaginal Infections

    Lactobacillus

    Gastroenteritis: Treatment

    Lactose

    Carbohydrate Metabolism

    Lactose intolerance

    Effects of Aging: Small Intestine
    Symptoms: Causes
    Lactose Intolerance

    Lactulose

  • in constipation

  • Drugs Used to Prevent or Treat ConstipationTables

  • in liver encephalopathy

  • Hepatic Encephalopathy: Treatment

    Lacunar disease

    Dementia: Vascular Dementia

    Lacunar infarct

    Ischemic Stroke: Causes

    L-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM)

    Opioids: Detoxification and Rehabilitation

    Lamaze method

    Natural ChildbirthSidebar

    Laminaria

    Abortion: Surgical Evacuation

    Laminectomy

    Low Back Pain: Treatment

    Lamivudine

    Chronic Hepatitis: Hepatitis B and C
    Drugs For HIV InfectionTables

    Lamotrigine

  • in manic-depressive illness

  • Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Anticonvulsants

  • in seizure disorders

  • Drugs Used to Treat SeizuresTables

    Landouzy-Dejerine (facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy)

    Other Forms of Muscular Dystrophy

    Langerhans' cell granulomatosis

    Pulmonary Langerhans' Cell Granulomatosis

    Langerhans' cells

    Structure and Function: Epidermis

    Language

  • in autism

  • Autism: Language

  • in brain injury

  • Specific Types of Dysfunction: Aphasia
    Testing a Person With AphasiaSidebar

  • development of

  • Intellectual Development

  • in dyslexia

  • Dyslexia

  • in hearing loss in children

  • Hearing Deficits: Symptoms

  • in Klinefelter syndrome

  • Klinefelter Syndrome

  • in mental retardation

  • Mental Retardation/Intellectual Disability: Symptoms

  • in Rett's disorder

  • Rett's Disorder

    Lansoprazole

    Drugs Used to Treat Peptic DisordersTables

    Laparoscopy

    Diagnosis: Laparoscopy
    Gynecologic Evaluation: Laparoscopy
    Problems With the Fallopian Tubes: Diagnosis and Treatment
    Surgery Through a KeyholeSidebar
    Diagnostic Procedures Tables

    Laparotomy, in cancer staging

    Diagnosis: Staging

    Large-for-gestational-age infant

    Large for Gestational Age (LGA)

    Large intestine

    Digestive SystemFigures
    Large Intestine

  • age-associated changes in

  • Effects of Aging: Large Intestine and Rectum

  • amebiasis of

  • Amebiasis

  • blockage (obstruction) of

  • Symptoms: Obstruction

  • cancer of

  • Colorectal Cancer
    Staging Colon CancerFigures

  • screening for

  • Cancer Screening Recommendations Tables

  • ulcerative colitis and

  • Ulcerative Colitis: Complications

  • Crohn's disease of

  • Crohn's Disease
    Drugs That Reduce Bowel InflammationTables

  • diverticulitis of

  • Symptoms: Complications
    Diverticulitis
    Complications of Diverticular DiseaseFigures

  • diverticulosis of

  • Diverticulosis
    What Is Diverticulosis?Figures

  • endoscopy of

  • Diagnosis: Endoscopy
    Viewing the Digestive Tract With an EndoscopeFigures

  • Escherichia coli infection of

  • Hemorrhagic Colitis

  • fistula of

  • Diverticulitis: Complications
    Complications of Diverticular DiseaseFigures

  • hemorrhagic colitis of

  • Hemorrhagic Colitis

  • Hirschsprung disease of

  • Digestive Tract Defects: Hirschsprung's Disease

  • inertia of

  • Symptoms: Slowed Transit of Stool

  • inflammatory disease of

  • see also Colitis
    Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD)
    Drugs That Reduce Bowel InflammationTables

  • ischemia of

  • Occlusive Peripheral Arterial Disease: Superior Mesenteric Artery
    When the Blood Supply to the Intestine Is BlockedFigures
    Occlusive Peripheral Arterial Disease: Superior Mesenteric Artery
    Ischemic Colitis

  • perforation of

  • Perforation
    Some Causes of PerforationTables

  • polyps of

  • Colorectal Polyps

  • spastic (irritable bowel syndrome)

  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

  • strangulation of

  • Intestinal Obstruction: Strangulation
    What Causes Intestinal Strangulation?Figures

  • surgical removal of

  • Ulcerative Colitis: Surgery

  • tumors of

  • Colorectal Polyps

  • ulcerative colitis of

  • Ulcerative Colitis

    Larva migrans

  • cutaneous

  • Creeping Eruption

  • visceral (toxocariasis)

  • Toxocariasis

    Laryngitis

    Laryngitis

    Laryngoceles

    Laryngoceles

    Laryngotracheobronchitis

    Respiratory Tract Infections
    Croup

    Larynx (voice box)

    Respiratory System
    Inside the Lungs and AirwaysFigures
    A Look Inside the Nose and ThroatFigures
    Throat

  • cancer of

  • Laryngeal Cancer
    Speech Without Vocal CordsSidebar

  • outpouchings of (laryngoceles)

  • Laryngoceles

  • papilloma of

  • Laryngeal Papillomas

    Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)

    Refractive Disorders: Laser in situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)

    Laser therapy

  • for birthmarks

  • Using Lasers to Treat Skin ProblemsSidebar

  • for diabetic retinopathy

  • Diabetic Retinopathy: Prevention and Treatment

  • for endometriosis

  • Endometriosis: Surgery

  • for glaucoma

  • Glaucoma: Treatment

  • for hair removal

  • Hirsutism and Hypertrichosis: Hair Removal

  • for macular degeneration

  • Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD): Treatment

  • for retinal detachment

  • Detachment of the Retina: Treatment and Prognosis

  • for retinopathy of prematurity

  • Retinopathy of Prematurity: Prevention, Treatment, and Prognosis

  • for varicose veins

  • Varicose Veins: Laser Therapies

  • for vision (refractive) disorders

  • Refractive Disorders: Surgery for Refractive Errors

  • for wart removal

  • Warts: Treatment

    LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis)

    Refractive Disorders: Laser in situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)

    Lassa fever

    Hemorrhagic Fevers

    Latanoprost

    Drugs Used to Treat GlaucomaTables

    Lateral epicondylitis (backhand tennis elbow)

    Lateral Epicondylitis
    Tennis ElbowFigures
    Strengthening the Wrist MusclesSidebar

    Laughing gas

    Abused Inhalants That Have Medical UsesSidebar

    Lavage, bronchoalveolar

    Diagnosis: Bronchoscopy

    Laws

    see Legal issues

    Laxatives

    Symptoms: Laxatives
    Drugs Used to Prevent or Treat ConstipationTables

  • abuse of

  • Other Drugs of AbuseSidebar

  • in irritable bowel syndrome

  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Treatment

  • overuse of

  • Symptoms: Complications

    Lazy bowel syndrome

    Symptoms: Laxatives

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