Keratomalacia (xerophthalmia, xerotic keratitis) is drying and clouding of the cornea due to vitamin A deficiency and insufficient protein and calories in the diet.

The surface of the conjunctiva and cornea dries, then corneal ulcers and bacterial infections may occur. The tear glands are also affected, resulting in an inadequate tear film and dry eyes. Night blindness (poor vision in the dark) may develop because of vitamin A deficiency. The diagnosis is based on the presence of a dry or ulcerated cornea in a malnourished person.

Antibiotic eye drops or ointments can help cure an infection, but correcting the vitamin A deficiency and malnutrition with an improved diet or supplements is also important.

Last full review/revision February 2003