 |
|
Spanking
| |
Behavioral Problems due to Parenting Problems
|
|
|
Spasm(s)
| |
|
|
|
anus
| |
Anal
Fissure
|
|
|
artery
| |
Functional
Peripheral Arterial Disease: Acrocyanosis
|
|
|
in cerebral palsy
| |
Cerebral Palsy (CP): Symptoms
|
|
|
diaphragm (hiccups)
| |
Hiccups: Spasms of the Diaphragm
|
|
|
esophagus
| |
Abnormal
Propulsion of Food: Esophageal
Spasm
|
|
|
eyelid (blepharospasm)
| |
Dystonia: Focal and Segmental
Dystonias
|
|
|
face
| |
Hemifacial
Spasm
|
|
|
hand
| |
Dystonia: Focal and Segmental
Dystonias
|
|
|
in heat cramps
| |
Heat
Cramps
|
|
|
in Huntington's disease
| |
Huntington's
Disease
|
|
|
infantile
| |
Infantile Spasms and
Febrile Seizures
|
|
|
intestine
| |
|
|
|
in diverticulosis
| |
Diverticulosis: Cause
|
|
|
in irritable bowel syndrome
| |
Irritable
Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
|
|
|
muscle (tetany)
| |
Calcium: Hypocalcemia
|
|
|
in DiGeorge anomaly
| |
DiGeorge
Anomaly
|
|
|
neck
| |
Dystonia: Focal and Segmental
Dystonias
|
|
|
in neuroblastoma
| |
What Are Paraneoplastic Syndromes?
|
|
|
in rabies
| |
Viral
Infections: Symptoms
|
|
|
rectal
| |
Levator
Syndrome
|
|
|
ureteral
| |
Kidney
Infection (Pyelonephritis): Symptoms
|
|
|
vagina (vaginismus)
| |
Vaginismus
|
|
|
in vitamin D deficiency
| |
Vitamin D: Symptoms
|
|
|
vocal cord (spasmodic dysphonia)
| |
Dystonia: Focal and Segmental
Dystonias
|
|
|
Spasmodic dysphonia
| |
Dystonia: Focal and Segmental
Dystonias
|
|
|
Spastic colon (irritable bowel syndrome)
| |
Irritable
Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
|
|
|
Spastic paraparesis
| |
Tropical
Spastic Paraparesis/HTLV-1–Associated Myelopathy
|
|
|
hereditary
| |
Hereditary
Spastic Paraparesis
|
|
|
tropical
| |
Viral
Infections: Tropical
Spastic Paraparesis
Other
Primary Demyelinating Diseases
|
|
|
Special K (ketamine)
| |
Ketamine
|
|
|
Specificity, of test
| |
Medical
Testing Decisions: Performing
Tests and Interpreting Results
|
|
|
SPECT
| |
see Single photon emission computed tomography
|
|
|
Spectinomycin
| |
Antibiotics
|
|
|
Speech
| |
|
|
|
in autism
| |
Autism: Language
|
|
|
in brain injury
| |
Specific Types of Dysfunction: Aphasia
Testing a Person With Aphasia
|
|
|
disorders of
| |
|
|
|
information resources on
| |
Sj - Su
|
|
|
rehabilitation for
| |
Specific Problems: Speech
Disorders
|
|
|
in dysarthria
| |
Coordination
Disorders: Symptoms
|
|
|
without vocal cords
| |
Speech Without Vocal Cords
|
|
|
scanning
| |
Coordination
Disorders: Symptoms
|
|
|
in schizophrenia
| |
Schizophrenia: Symptoms
|
|
|
in spasmodic dysphonia
| |
Dystonia: Focal and Segmental
Dystonias
|
|
|
in stroke
| |
Specific Problems: Speech
Disorders
Stroke (CVA): Symptoms
|
|
|
in Tourette's syndrome
| |
Tics: Symptoms
|
|
|
Speech reading
| |
Hearing Loss and Deafness: Other Means of Coping With Hearing Loss
|
|
|
Speech threshold audiometry
| |
Hearing Loss and Deafness: Diagnosis
|
|
|
Speed (methamphetamine)
| |
Amphetamines
|
|
|
Spells
| |
see Seizures
|
|
|
Sperm
| |
Biology
of the Male Reproductive System
|
|
|
donor
| |
Problems
With Sperm: Treatment
|
|
|
infertility-related problems with
| |
Problems
With Sperm
|
|
|
intracytoplasmic injection of
| |
Fertilization Techniques
|
|
|
sac of (spermatocele)
| |
Swelling
of the Testes
|
|
|
Spermatocele
| |
Swelling
of the Testes
|
|
|
Spermicides
| |
Contraception: Spermicides
|
|
|
Sphenoid sinus
| |
Nose and Sinuses
A Look Inside the Nose and Throat
|
|
|
Spherocytosis, hereditary
| |
Other Causes of Anemia
|
|
|
Sphincter(s)
| |
|
|
|
anal
| |
Rectum and Anus
Anal and Rectal Disorders
|
|
|
exercises for
| |
Symptoms: Treatment
|
|
|
spasm of
| |
Anal
Fissure
|
|
|
esophageal
| |
Throat and Esophagus
How the Esophagus Works
Esophageal
Disorders
|
|
|
in achalasia
| |
Abnormal
Propulsion of Food: Achalasia
|
|
|
incoordination of
| |
Abnormal
Propulsion of Food: Propulsion
Disorders of the Throat
|
|
|
Sphincter of Oddi
| |
Digestive System
View of the Liver and Gallbladder
Gallbladder
and Biliary Tract
|
|
|
abnormal function of
| |
Cholecystitis: Pain After Surgery
|
|
|
Sphincterotomy, in gallstones
| |
Gallstones: Gallstones in
the Bile Ducts
|
|
|
Sphingomyelin, accumulation of (Niemann-Pick disease)
| |
Lipid
Metabolism: Niemann-Pick
Disease
|
|
|
Sphygmomanometer
| |
Measuring Blood Pressure
|
|
|
Spider angioma
| |
Growths and Malformations of
the Vessels: Spider
Angiomas
|
|
|
during pregnancy
| |
Physical
Changes: Skin
|
|
|
Spider bites
| |
Spider
Bites
|
|
|
Spider veins
| |
Varicose
Veins
Varicose
Veins: Injection Therapy
(Sclerotherapy)
|
|
|
in ataxia-telangiectasia
| |
Ataxia-Telangiectasia
|
|
|
radiation therapy and
| |
Radiation Injury: Radiation
Therapy for Cancer
|
|
|
Spina bifida
| |
Interpreting Abnormal Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels
Birth Defects: Nutrition
Brain
and Spinal Cord Defects: Neural Tube
Defects
Spina Bifida: A Defect of the Spine
|
|
|
information resources on
| |
Sj - Su
|
|
|
prenatal testing for
| |
Prenatal
Diagnostic Testing: Neural
Tube Defects
|
|
|
Spinal anesthesia, in labor and delivery
| |
Labor: Pain
Relief
|
|
|
Spinal column
| |
see Spine; Vertebrae
|
|
|
Spinal cord
| |
|
|
|
age-associated changes in
| |
Effects
of Aging: Spinal Cord
|
|
|
biology of
| |
Spinal
Cord
How the Spine Is Organized
Spinal Cord Disorders
Spinal Cord Disorders
To and From and Up and Down the Spinal Cord
|
|
|
biopsy of
| |
Spinal
Cord Tumors: Diagnosis
|
|
|
birth defects of
| |
Prenatal
Diagnostic Testing: Neural
Tube Defects
Brain
and Spinal Cord Defects
Spina Bifida: A Defect of the Spine
|
|
|
blood flow to, interruption of
| |
Blockage
of the Spinal Cord's Blood Supply
|
|
|
compression of
| |
Compression
of the Spinal Cord
What Is the Cauda Equina Syndrome?
|
|
|
in cancer
| |
Some Complications of Cancer
|
|
|
in cervical spondylosis
| |
Cervical
Spondylosis
|
|
|
in disk disease
| |
A Herniated Disk
Low Back Pain: Causes
Low Back Pain: Symptoms and
Types of Low Back Pain
Low Back Pain: Treatment
|
|
|
damage to
| |
see Spinal cord, injury to
|
|
|
degeneration of
| |
Subacute
Combined Degeneration
|
|
|
demyelination of
| |
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Related Disorders
Common Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis
|
|
|
infection of
| |
Infections
of the Brain and Spinal Cord
Some Infections That Can Cause Meningitis
|
|
|
human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I
| |
Viral
Infections: Tropical
Spastic Paraparesis
Other
Primary Demyelinating Diseases
|
|
|
rabies
| |
Viral
Infections: Rabies
Who Should Receive a Rabies Vaccine?
|
|
|
inflammation of (transverse myelitis)
| |
Acute
Transverse Myelitis
|
|
|
injury to
| |
Where Is the Spinal Cord Damaged?
Injuries
of the Spinal Cord and Vertebrae
|
|
|
in decompression sickness
| |
Decompression
Sickness: Symptoms
|
|
|
information resources on
| |
Sj - Su
|
|
|
in newborn
| |
Birth
Injury: Nerve
Injury
|
|
|
radiation-related
| |
Radiation Injury: Radiation
Therapy for Cancer
|
|
|
rehabilitation after
| |
Specific Problems: Spinal
Injuries
|
|
|
symptoms of
| |
Where Is the Spinal Cord Damaged?
Spinal Cord Disorders: Symptoms
|
|
|
lipoma of
| |
Brain
and Spinal Cord Defects: Neural Tube
Defects
|
|
|
nerve degeneration in
| |
Spinal
Muscular Atrophies
|
|
|
nerve roots of
| |
How the Spine Is Organized
Nerves: Cranial and Spinal
Nerves
|
|
|
spina bifida of
| |
Interpreting Abnormal Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels
|
|
|
syrinx of
| |
Syrinx
|
|
|
tumors of
| |
Spinal
Cord Tumors
Tumors That Originate in or Near the Spinal Cord
|
|
|
viral infection of
| |
Central
Nervous System Infections
|
|
|
in vitamin B12 deficiency
| |
Subacute
Combined Degeneration
|
|
|
x-ray of
| |
Procedures: Myelography
|
|
|
Spinal fluid
| |
see Cerebrospinal fluid
|
|
|
Spinal muscular atrophy
| |
Spinal
Muscular Atrophies
|
|
|
Spinal nerves
| |
Nerves: Cranial and Spinal
Nerves
Spinal Cord Disorders
To and From and Up and Down the Spinal Cord
|
|
|
compression of
| |
Low Back Pain: Symptoms and
Types of Low Back Pain
|
|
|
degeneration of
| |
Spinal
Muscular Atrophies
|
|
|
Spinal stenosis
| |
Low Back Pain: Causes
Low Back Pain: Symptoms and
Types of Low Back Pain
Low Back Pain: Treatment
|
|
|
Spinal tap (lumbar puncture)
| |
Procedures: Spinal
Tap
How a Spinal Tap Is Done
Diagnostic Procedures
|
|
|
in bacterial meningitis
| |
Acute Bacterial
Meningitis: Diagnosis
Meningitis: Symptoms and
Diagnosis
|
|
|
in brain tumor
| |
Brain Tumors: Diagnosis
|
|
|
in encephalitis
| |
Central
Nervous System Infections: Diagnosis
|
|
|
in infants and young children
| |
Fever: Diagnosis and
Treatment
Central
Nervous System Infections: Diagnosis
|
|
|
in multiple sclerosis
| |
Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Diagnosis
|
|
|
in neurosyphilis
| |
Syphilis: Diagnosis
|
|
|
in newborn
| |
Sepsis: Symptoms and
Diagnosis
|
|
|
in papilledema
| |
Papilledema
|
|
|
in retinoblastoma
| |
Retinoblastoma: Symptoms and
Diagnosis
|
|
|
in stroke
| |
Ischemic
Stroke: Diagnosis
|
|
|
in tuberculous meningitis
| |
Tuberculosis (TB): Diagnosis
|
|
|
Spine
| |
see also Spinal cord
Low Back Pain
|
|
|
age-associated changes in
| |
Changes
in the Body: Bones
and Joints
|
|
|
arthritis of
| |
Osteoarthritis (OA): Symptoms
|
|
|
biology of
| |
How the Spine Is Organized
|
|
|
curvature of
| |
Scoliosis
Scoliosis: A Curved Spine
|
|
|
in Scheuermann disease
| |
Kyphosis
Kyphosis: A Humpback
|
|
|
fracture of
| |
Osteoporosis: Symptoms
Osteoporosis: Treatment of
Fractures
Spine
|
|
|
inflammation of (ankylosing spondylitis)
| |
Ankylosing
Spondylitis
Low Back Pain: Causes
|
|
|
osteoarthritis of
| |
Low Back Pain: Causes
|
|
|
osteoporosis of
| |
Osteoporosis: Symptoms
Low Back Pain: Causes
|
|
|
stenosis of
| |
Low Back Pain: Causes
Low Back Pain: Symptoms and
Types of Low Back Pain
Low Back Pain: Treatment
|
|
|
Spirituality
| |
Acceptance
|
|
|
Spirochetes
| |
Bacterial
Infections
|
|
|
infection with
| |
see also Syphilis
Bejel, Yaws, and Pinta
Leptospirosis
Syphilis
|
|
|
Spirometry
| |
Diagnosis: Pulmonary
Function Testing (PFT)
Diagnosis: Lung Volume and Flow Rate Measurements
Using a Spirometer
Diagnostic Procedures
|
|
|
in asthma
| |
Asthma: Diagnosis
|
|
|
in COPD
| |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Diagnosis
|
|
|
incentive
| |
Chest
Physical Therapy: Breathing
Exercises
|
|
|
Spironolactone
| |
Hyperaldosteronism: Symptoms and
Diagnosis
|
|
|
in polycystic ovary syndrome
| |
Polycystic
Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Treatment
|
|
|
Spitting up (regurgitation)
| |
Symptoms: Regurgitation
Feeding
Problems: Spitting
Up
Gastroesophageal Reflux
|
|
|
in infants
| |
Feeding
|
|
|
Spleen
| |
Spleen Disorders
Viewing the Spleen
Lymphatic System: Helping Defend Against Infection
|
|
|
abscess of
| |
Abdominal
Abscesses: Causes and Symptoms
|
|
|
absence of
| |
Spleen
Disorders and Immunodeficiency
|
|
|
disorders of
| |
Spleen Disorders
|
|
|
enlargement of
| |
Enlarged
Spleen
Causes of an Enlarged Spleen
|
|
|
anemia with
| |
Other Causes of Anemia
|
|
|
in Epstein-Barr virus infection
| |
Epstein-Barr
Virus (EBV) Infection: Symptoms and
Complications
|
|
|
in myelofibrosis
| |
Myelofibrosis: Symptoms, Complications,
and Diagnosis
|
|
|
in polycythemia
| |
Polycythemia
Vera: Symptoms and
Complications
|
|
|
in portal hypertension
| |
Portal
Hypertension: Symptoms and Diagnosis
|
|
|
in rheumatoid arthritis
| |
Rheumatoid
Arthritis (RA): Diagnosis
|
|
|
in sickle cell disease
| |
Sickle
Cell Disease: Symptoms and
Complications
|
|
|
radiation effects on
| |
Radiation Injury: Acute Radiation Illness
|
|
|
removal of
| |
Spleen Disorders
Enlarged
Spleen: Treatment
|
|
|
in autoimmune hemolytic anemia
| |
Autoimmune
Hemolytic Anemia: Treatment
|
|
|
in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
| |
Thrombocytopenia (ITP,
TTP): Treatment
|
|
|
rupture of
| |
Ruptured
Spleen
|
|
|
Splenectomy
| |
see Spleen, removal of
|
|
|
Splenic arteries
| |
Occlusive
Peripheral Arterial Disease: Superior Mesenteric
Artery
Occlusive
Peripheral Arterial Disease: Hepatic and
Splenic Arteries
Occlusive
Peripheral Arterial Disease: Superior Mesenteric
Artery
Occlusive
Peripheral Arterial Disease: Hepatic and
Splenic Arteries
|
|
|
Splenomegaly
| |
see Spleen, enlargement of
|
|
|
Splint
| |
Fractures: Immobilization
Commonly Used Splints
|
|
|
in burn injury
| |
Burns: Deep Minor Burns
|
|
|
in temporomandibular joint disorders
| |
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders : Muscle Pain
and Tightness
|
|
|
Splitting, as defense mechanism
| |
Common Coping Mechanisms
|
|
|
Spondylitis, ankylosing
| |
Ankylosing
Spondylitis
Low Back Pain: Causes
|
|
|
Spondylosis, cervical
| |
Cervical
Spondylosis
|
|
|
Sponge, contraceptive
| |
How Effective Is Contraception?
Comparing Contraceptive Methods
Contraception: Contraceptive
Sponge
|
|
|
Spongiform encephalopathies (prion diseases)
| |
Prion
Diseases
Of Sheep and Cows
|
|
|
Spontaneous pneumothorax
| |
Pneumothorax
|
|
|
Sporotrichosis
| |
Sporotrichosis
|
|
|
Sports
| |
|
|
|
participation in
| |
|
|
|
screening for
| |
Starting an Exercise
Program: Screening
for Sports Participation
|
|
|
Sports injuries
| |
Sports
Injuries
|
|
|
Achilles tendinitis
| |
Achilles
Tendinitis
|
|
|
foot fracture
| |
Stress
Fractures of the Foot
What Is a Stress Fracture?
|
|
|
hamstring injury
| |
Hamstring
Injury
Strengthening the Hamstrings
|
|
|
popliteus tendinitis
| |
Popliteus
Tendinitis
|
|
|
rotator cuff tendinitis
| |
Rotator
Cuff Tendinitis
Strengthening the Shoulders
|
|
|
runner's knee (patellofemoral stress syndrome)
| |
Runner's
Knee
Runner's Knee
Strengthening the Vastus Medialis (Inner Thigh) Muscle
|
|
|
shin splints
| |
Shin
Splints
Shin Splints |
