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Blood Tests*
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|
Test
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Reference Range/Threshold (Conventional Units†)
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Acidity (pH)
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7.35-7.45
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Alcohol (ethanol)
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0 mg/dL (more than 0.1 mg/dL usually indicates intoxication)
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Ammonia
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15-50 units/L
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Amylase
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53-123 units/L
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Antinuclear antibodies (ANA; other antibodies can also be identified)
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0 (negative result)
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Ascorbic acid
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0.4-1.5 mg/dL
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Bicarbonate (carbon dioxide content)
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18-23 mEq/L
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Bilirubin
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Direct: up to 0.4 mg/dL
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Total: up to 1.0 mg/dL
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Blood volume
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8.5-9.1% of body weight
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Calcium
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8.5-10.5 mg/dL (slightly higher in children)
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Carbon dioxide pressure (expressed as a comparison with how high the level of mercury [Hg] rises in a tube due to air pressure at sea level)
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35-45 mm Hg
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Carboxyhemoglobin (carbon monoxide in hemoglobin)
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Less than 5% of total hemoglobin
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CD4 cell count
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500-1500 cells/µL
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Ceruloplasmin
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15-60 mg/dL
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Chloride
|
98-106 mEq/L
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|
Complete blood cell count (CBC)
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See individual tests: Hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, platelet count, white blood cell count
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Copper
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70-150 µg/dL
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Creatine kinase (CK or CPK)
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Male: 38-174 units/L
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Female: 96-140 units/L
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Creatine kinase isoenzymes
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5% MB or less
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Creatinine
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0.6-1.2 mg/dL
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Electrolytes
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See individual tests: Electrolytes routinely tested include calcium, chloride, magnesium, potassium, and sodium
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Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
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Male: -13 mm/hr
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Female: 1-20 mm/hr
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Glucose
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Fasting: 70-110 mg/dL
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Hematocrit
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Male: 45-52%
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Female: 37-48%
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Hemoglobin
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Male: 13-18 gm/dL
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Female: 12-16 gm/dL
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Iron
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60-160 µg/dL (higher in males)
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Iron-binding capacity
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250-460 µg/dL
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Lactate (lactic acid)
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Venous: 4.5-19.8 mg/dL
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Arterial: 4.5-14.4 mg/dL
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Lactic dehydrogenase
|
50-150 units/L
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Lead
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20 µg/dL or less (much lower in children)
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Lipase
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10-150 units/L
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|
Lipids:
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|
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Cholesterol
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Less than 225 mg/dL (for age 40-49 yr; increases with age)
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|
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
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30-70 mg/dL
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Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
|
60 mg/dL
|
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Triglycerides
|
40-200 mg/dL (higher in males)
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Triglycerides
|
40-200 mg/dL (higher in males)
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Liver function tests
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Include bilirubin (total), phosphatase (alkaline), protein (total and albumin), transaminases (alanine and aspartate), prothrombin
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Magnesium
|
1.5-2.0 mg/dL
|
|
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
|
27-32 pg/cell
|
|
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
|
32-36% hemoglobin/cell
|
|
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
|
76-100 cu µm
|
|
Osmolality
|
280-296 mOsm/kg plasma
|
|
Oxygen pressure (expressed as a comparison with how high the level of mercury [Hg] rises in a tube due to air pressure at sea level)
|
83-100 mm Hg
|
|
Oxygen saturation (arterial)
|
96-100%
|
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Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
|
30-45 seconds
|
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Phosphatase (alkaline)
|
50-160 units/L (higher in infants and adolescents, lower in females)
|
|
Phosphorus
|
3.0-4.5 mg/dL
|
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Platelet count
|
150,000-350,000/mL
|
|
Potassium
|
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
|
|
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
|
0-4 ng/mL (increases with age)
|
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Protein:
|
|
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Total
|
6.0-8.4 gm/dL
|
|
Albumin
|
3.5-5.0 gm/dL
|
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Globulin
|
2.3-3.5 gm/dL
|
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Prothrombin time (PT)
|
10-13 seconds
|
|
Red blood cell (RBC) count
|
4.2-5.9 million/mL
|
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Sodium
|
135-145 mEq/L
|
|
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
|
0.5-5.0 m units/L
|
|
Transaminase:
|
|
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Alanine (ALT)
|
1-21 units/L
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Aspartate (AST)
|
7-27 units/L
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Troponin:
|
|
|
I
|
Less than 1.6 ng/mL
|
|
T
|
Less than 0.1 ng/mL
|
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Urea nitrogen (BUN)
|
7-18 mg/dL
|
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Uric acid
|
3.0-7.0 mg/dL
|
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Vitamin A (other vitamins can also be measured)
|
30-65 µg/dL
|
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White blood cell (WBC) count
|
4,300-10,800 /mL
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*Blood can be tested for many other substances as well.
†Units are explained in Appendix I. Conventional units can be converted to international units by using a conversion factor. International units (IU), a different system, is sometimes used by laboratories.
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