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Section
Nutritional Disorders
Nutritional Disorders
Mineral Deficiency and Toxicity
Introduction
Chromium
Copper
Acquired Copper Deficiency
Inherited Copper Deficiency
Acquired Copper Toxicity
Treatment
Inherited Copper Toxicity
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis and Screening
Fluorine
Deficiency
Toxicity
Iodine
Deficiency
Toxicity
Iron
Deficiency
Toxicity
Manganese
Molybdenum
Selenium
Deficiency
Toxicity
Zinc
Deficiency
Toxicity
Nutrition: General Considerations
Introduction
Macronutrients
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Macrominerals
Water
Micronutrients
Other Dietary Substances
Fiber
Food Additives and Contaminants
Additives
Contaminants
Nutrient–Drug Interactions
Nutritional Requirements
Nutrition in Clinical Medicine
Evaluation of Nutritional Status
Nutritional Support
Introduction
Predicting Nutritional Requirements
Assessing Response to Nutritional Support
Enteral Tube Nutrition
Procedure
Formulas
Administration
Complications
Nutritional Support for Dying or Severely Demented Patients
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
Indications
Nutritional content
Solutions
Beginning TPN administration
Monitoring
Complications
Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome
Obesity
Etiology
Genetic determinants
Environmental determinants
Regulatory determinants
Psychologic and behavioral determinants
Complications
Diagnosis
Body composition analysis
Other testing
Prevention
Prognosis
Treatment
Diet
Physical activity
Behavioral therapy
Drugs
Surgery
Special Populations
Children
The elderly
Metabolic Syndrome
Undernutrition
Introduction
Risk Factors
Infancy and childhood
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Old age
Disorders and medical procedures
Vegetarian diets
Fad diets
Drugs and nutritional supplements
Alcohol or drug dependency
Symptoms and Diagnosis
History
Physical examination
Testing
Carnitine Deficiency
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Treatment
Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency
Protein-Energy Undernutrition
Classification and Etiology
Primary PEU
Secondary PEU
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Children
Adults
Prevention and Treatment
Children
Adults
Complications of treatment
Vitamin Deficiency, Dependency, and Toxicity
Introduction
Biotin and Pantothenic Acid
Folate
Folate Deficiency
Etiology and Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Niacin
Niacin Deficiency
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis and Treatment
Niacin Toxicity
Riboflavin
Riboflavin Deficiency
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis and Treatment
Thiamin
Thiamin Deficiency
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment and Prognosis
Vitamin A
Vitamin A Deficiency
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prevention
Treatment
Vitamin A Toxicity
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis and Treatment
Vitamin B
12
Vitamin B
12
Deficiency
Etiology and Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Schilling test
Treatment
Vitamin B
6
Vitamin B
6
Deficiency and Dependency
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prevention and Treatment
Vitamin B
6
Toxicity
Vitamin C
Vitamin C Deficiency
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prevention and Treatment
Vitamin C Toxicity
Vitamin D
Vitamin D Deficiency and Dependency
Etiology
Inadequate exposure or intake
Reduced absorption
Abnormal metabolism
Resistance to effects of vitamin D
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prevention
Treatment
Vitamin D Toxicity
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Treatment
Vitamin E
Vitamin E Deficiency
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prevention and Treatment
Vitamin E Toxicity
Vitamin K
Vitamin K Deficiency
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prevention
Treatment
Vitamin K Toxicity
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