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(Albert's Disease; Retromalleolar Bursitis)
Anterior
Achilles tendon bursitis is inflammation of the retromalleolar (retrocalcaneal)
bursa, located anterior (deep) to the attachment of the Achilles
tendon to the calcaneus.
Bursitis is due to trauma (eg, from rigid or poorly fitting shoes) or inflammatory arthritis (eg, RA or gout). On occasion, small calcaneal erosions may develop from severe inflammation.
Symptoms and Signs
Symptoms caused by trauma or gout develop rapidly; those caused by another systemic disease develop gradually. Pain, swelling, and warmth around the heel are common, as are difficulty walking and wearing shoes. The bursa is tender. Initially, the swelling is localized anterior to the Achilles tendon but in time extends medially and laterally.
Using the thumb and index finger, side-to-side compression anterior to the Achilles tendon causes pain.
Diagnosis
Fracture of the posterolateral talar tubercle also causes tenderness anterior to the insertion of the Achilles tendon. Bursitis is often differentiated from the fracture by the localization of warmth and swelling contiguous to the tendon and pain localized primarily in the soft tissue. Also, x-rays are taken to rule out fracture as well as erosive calcaneal changes characteristic of chronic RA or other rheumatic disorders.
Treatment
Injection, NSAIDs, and warm or cold compresses may be effective. Care must be taken to inject only the bursal sac and not the tendon proper because tendon injection may lead to tendon weakening or tearing, predisposing to subsequent rupture.
Last full review/revision March 2008 by Kendrick Alan Whitney, DPM
Content last modified March 2008
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