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October 9, 2016 1:15 am ET

Results from KEYNOTE-010 Include Improved Patient-Reported Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes and 18-Month Findings of Overall Survival and Progression-Free Survival in Previously Treated Patients Whose Tumors Express PD-L1 (Tumor Proportion Score of One Percent or More)

KENILWORTH, N.J.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–

Merck (NYSE:MRK), known as MSD outside the United States and Canada,
today announced that KEYTRUDA^® (pembrolizumab), the company’s
anti-PD-1 therapy, demonstrated superiority in overall survival (OS) at
18 months compared to standard of care chemotherapy (docetaxel) in
patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) previously
treated with platinum-containing chemotherapy whose tumors expressed
PD-L1 (tumor proportion score [TPS] of one percent or more), as well as
patients with high levels of PD-L1 expression (TPS of 50 percent or
more). These data, from the phase 2/3 KEYNOTE-010 trial, will be
presented at the ESMO 2016 Congress, the annual meeting of the European
Society for Medical Oncology, in Copenhagen (Abstract #LBA48).

“These findings – which show superior survival with longer follow-up
across patients with PD-L1 expression (tumor proportion score of one
percent or more), as well as improved quality of life – point to
KEYTRUDA as a durable treatment option for many previously treated
patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer,” said Roy S. Herbst,
M.D., Ph.D., professor of medicine and chief of medical oncology, Yale
Cancer Center and Smilow Cancer Hospital at Yale New Haven. “These data
also reinforce the value of using PD-L1 as a biomarker to identify
patients who are likely to benefit from KEYTRUDA.”

In additional data at the ESMO 2016 Congress from KEYNOTE-010, an
analysis of patient-reported health-related quality of life outcomes
showed more patients treated with KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab) reported
positive outcomes compared to patients treated with chemotherapy
(Abstract #1219P).

Separately at the ESMO 2016 Congress, researchers presented an analysis
of PD-L1 prevalence across three separate studies, including
KEYNOTE-010. Overall, 66 percent of patients with metastatic NSCLC
expressed any level of PD-L1, and 28 percent expressed high levels of
PD-L1 (Abstract #1060P).

“Our research in immuno-oncology continues to show tremendous promise,
with our goal being to extend the lives of significant numbers of
patients with non-small cell lung cancer,” said Roger Dansey, M.D.,
senior vice president and therapeutic area head, oncology late-stage
development, Merck Research Laboratories. “In this longer-term analysis
of KEYNOTE-010, among patients who responded to treatment, four times as
many patients receiving KEYTRUDA were still alive without disease
progression compared to docetaxel. It is gratifying to see these results
continue with additional follow-up.”

Merck has a robust clinical development program for KEYTRUDA in lung
cancer, with multiple registration-enabling studies currently underway.
The KEYTRUDA clinical development program includes more than 30 tumor
types in more than 350 clinical trials, including more than 100 trials
that combine KEYTRUDA with other cancer treatments.

Efficacy and Safety Findings from KEYNOTE-010 (Abstract #LBA48)

KEYNOTE-010 is a global, open-label, randomized, pivotal phase 2/3 study
evaluating KEYTRUDA (2 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg every three weeks) compared to
standard of care chemotherapy (docetaxel, 75 mg/m² every
three weeks) in patients with previously treated metastatic NSCLC. The
primary endpoints were OS and progression-free survival (PFS) and were
assessed based on patients whose tumors expressed PD-L1 (TPS of one
percent or more) and high levels of PD-L1 (TPS of 50 percent or more).
Secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR) and duration of
response. KEYNOTE-010 is the first study of its kind to evaluate the
potential of an immunotherapy compared to chemotherapy based on
prospective measurement of PD-L1 expression in patients with metastatic
NSCLC. As previously announced, the study met its primary objective,
showing that KEYTRUDA significantly improved OS compared to chemotherapy
in patients with PD-L1 expression (TPS of one percent or more). Findings
were similar in patients who received the FDA-approved dose of KEYTRUDA
(2 mg/kg every three weeks) and an investigational dose of KEYTRUDA (10
mg/kg every three weeks). These data also served as the basis for the
KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab) application approval by the European Medicines
Agency (EMA) in July of this year and are currently under review by the
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the second-line or greater
NSCLC treatment setting.

At the ESMO 2016 Congress, data from this study of 1,034 patients
included six months of additional follow-up, with a median follow-up of
19.2 months (range, 11.7-29.7), and showed superior outcomes of OS, PFS,
and ORR with KEYTRUDA compared to docetaxel in patients with PD-L1
expression (TPS of one percent or more) as well as high levels of PD-L1
expression (TPS of 50 percent or more) – with consistency of outcomes
across KEYTRUDA doses.

In patients with PD-L1 expression (TPS of one percent or more), OS at 18
months was 37 percent (HR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.60-0.87]; p=0.0003) with
KEYTRUDA 2 mg/kg, 43 percent (HR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.50-0.73]; p<0.00001)
with KEYTRUDA 10 mg/kg, and 24 percent with docetaxel. Among all
patients, median OS was 10.5 months with KEYTRUDA 2 mg/kg, 13.6 months
with KEYTRUDA 10 mg/kg, and 8.6 months with docetaxel. ORR was 19
percent (95% CI, 15-23, p=0.00025) with KEYTRUDA 2 mg/kg, 20 percent
(95% CI, 16-25, p=0.00004) with KEYTRUDA 10 mg/kg and 10 percent (95%
CI, 7-13) with docetaxel. Responses to KEYTRUDA continued to be durable;
among patients with any level of PD-L1 expression who responded to
treatment, 60 percent on each of the KEYTRUDA treatment arms were alive,
progression-free, and had not received additional therapy for their
disease, compared to 15 percent in the docetaxel treatment arm.

In patients with high levels of PD-L1 expression (TPS of 50 percent or
more), OS at 18 months was 46 percent (HR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.39-0.73];
p=0.00004) with KEYTRUDA 2 mg/kg, 52 percent with KEYTRUDA 10 mg/kg (HR,
0.48 [95% CI, 0.35-0.66]; p<0.00001), and 24 percent with docetaxel. In
this group, median OS was 15.8 months with KEYTRUDA 2 mg/kg, 18.8 months
with KEYTRUDA 10 mg/kg, and 8.2 months with docetaxel. ORR was 29
percent (95% CI, 22-38, p<0.00001) with KEYTRUDA 2 mg/kg, 32 percent
(95% CI, 24-40, p<0.00001) with KEYTRUDA 10 mg/kg, and nine percent (95%
CI, 5-14) with docetaxel. Responses to KEYTRUDA continued to be durable;
among patients with high levels of PD-L1 expression who responded to
treatment, 68 and 63 percent on the KEYTRUDA 2 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg
treatment arms, respectively, were alive, progression-free, and had not
received additional therapy for their disease, compared to 15 percent in
the docetaxel treatment arm.

The safety profile of KEYTRUDA was consistent with that observed in
previously reported studies of KEYTRUDA. Treatment-related adverse
events remained lower with KEYTRUDA compared to docetaxel. Among the
total study population, 13, 17, and 36 percent of patients experienced
Grades 3-5 treatment-related adverse events with KEYTRUDA
(pembrolizumab) 2 mg/kg, KEYTRUDA 10 mg/kg, and docetaxel, respectively.
Compared with the previous analysis, two additional patients in the
KEYTRUDA 2 mg/kg arm and five patients in the KEYTRUDA 10 mg/kg arm
experienced immune-mediated adverse events, none of which led to death.
Grade 3-5 immune-mediated adverse events that occurred in two or more
patients included pneumonitis (n=14), severe skin toxicities (n=8), and
colitis (n=4). Additional immune-mediated adverse events observed in at
least two patients in the KEYTRUDA arms of the study included
hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, pancreatitis, adrenal insufficiency,
myositis, thyroiditis, hepatitis, hypophysitis, and type 1 diabetes
mellitus. In this study to date, there have been 10 treatment-related
adverse events that led to death, two with KEYTRUDA 2 mg/kg, three with
KEYTRUDA 10 mg/kg, and five with docetaxel.

These data will be presented in a poster discussion session on Oct. 9
from 2:45 – 4:15 p.m. CEST (Abstract #LBA48) (Location: Oslo).

Patient-Reported Outcomes Findings from KEYNOTE-010 (Abstract #1219P)

Also reported at the ESMO 2016 Congress were health-related quality of
life (HRQoL) outcomes from the KEYNOTE-010 trial. Findings were based on
patient-reported assessments using the European Organization for
Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30
(EORTC QLQ-C30), EORTC QLQ Lung Cancer 13, and EuroQol-5D-3L instruments
to measure for outcomes such as physical, role, emotional, cognitive,
and social functioning, as well as lung cancer and treatment-related
symptoms, among other measures.

Overall, from baseline to the 12-week assessment, patients treated with
KEYTRUDA (2 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg every three weeks) reported numeric
improvements, some of which were significant, in HRQoL and prolonged
time to deterioration of lung cancer symptoms (defined using a composite
endpoint of cough, dyspnea, and chest pain) compared with docetaxel (75
mg/m² every three weeks).

These findings, along with results from additional patient-reported
outcomes analyses, suggest that HRQoL and symptoms were maintained or
improved more with KEYTRUDA than with docetaxel.

These data were presented in a poster session on Oct. 8 from 1 – 2 p.m.
CEST (Location: Hall E).

PD-L1 Prevalence Findings from KEYNOTE-001, -010, and -024 (Abstract
#1060P)

Results from a third NSCLC abstract at the ESMO 2016 Congress explored,
for the first time, the prevalence of PD-L1 in patients screened across
multiple studies. The analysis assessed 4,784 patients with NSCLC who
had tumors evaluable for PD-L1 expression and were screened for
eligibility in three registrational studies of KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab)
– KEYNOTE-001, KEYNOTE-010, and KEYNOTE-024. Based on this pooled
analysis, 66 percent of patients across all three trials were determined
to express PD-L1 (TPS of one percent or more) and 28 percent were
determined to have high levels of PD-L1 expression (TPS of 50 percent or
more). These findings were similar across demographic and disease
characteristics examined, including prior lines of therapy, age, tumor
source (primary and metastases), and histology (squamous and
non-squamous).

These data will be presented in a poster session on Oct. 9 from 1 – 2
p.m. CEST (Location: Hall E).

About KEYTRUDA

^®

(pembrolizumab)

KEYTRUDA is a humanized monoclonal antibody that works by increasing the
ability of the body’s immune system to help detect and fight tumor
cells. KEYTRUDA blocks the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands,
PD-L1 and PD-L2, thereby activating T lymphocytes which may affect both
tumor cells and healthy cells.

KEYTRUDA is administered as an intravenous infusion over 30 minutes
every three weeks for the approved indications. KEYTRUDA for injection
is supplied in a 100 mg single use vial.

KEYTRUDA Indications and Dosing

Melanoma

KEYTRUDA is indicated for the treatment of patients with unresectable or
metastatic melanoma at a dose of 2 mg/kg every three weeks.

Lung Cancer

KEYTRUDA is indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors express PD-L1 as
determined by an FDA-approved test with disease progression on or after
platinum-containing chemotherapy, at a dose of 2 mg/kg every three
weeks. Patients with EGFR or ALK genomic tumor aberrations should have
disease progression on FDA-approved therapy for these aberrations prior
to receiving KEYTRUDA. This indication is approved under accelerated
approval based on tumor response rate and durability of response. An
improvement in survival or disease-related symptoms has not yet been
established. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent
upon verification and description of clinical benefit in the
confirmatory trials.

Head and Neck Cancer

KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab) is indicated for the treatment of patients with
recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)
with disease progression on or after platinum-containing chemotherapy at
a fixed dose of 200 mg every three weeks. This indication is approved
under accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and durability
of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent
upon verification and description of clinical benefit in the
confirmatory trials.

Selected Important Safety Information for KEYTRUDA

^®
 (pembrolizumab)

Immune-mediated pneumonitis occurred in 19 (3.5%) of 550 patients,
including Grade 2 (1.1%), 3 (1.3%), 4 (0.4%), or 5 (0.2%) pneumonitis
and occurred more frequently in patients with a history of
asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (5.4%) or prior thoracic
radiation (6.0%). Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of
pneumonitis. Evaluate suspected pneumonitis with radiographic imaging.
Administer corticosteroids for Grade 2 or greater pneumonitis. Withhold
KEYTRUDA for Grade 2; permanently discontinue KEYTRUDA for Grade 3 or 4
or recurrent Grade 2 pneumonitis.

Immune-mediated colitis occurred in 4 (0.7%) of 550 patients, including
Grade 2 (0.2%) or 3 (0.4%) colitis. Monitor patients for signs and
symptoms of colitis. Administer corticosteroids for Grade 2 or greater
colitis. Withhold KEYTRUDA for Grade 2 or 3; permanently discontinue
KEYTRUDA for Grade 4 colitis.

Immune-mediated hepatitis occurred in patients receiving KEYTRUDA.
Monitor patients for changes in liver function. Administer
corticosteroids for Grade 2 or greater hepatitis and, based on severity
of liver enzyme elevations, withhold or discontinue KEYTRUDA.

Hypophysitis occurred in 1 (0.2%) of 550 patients, which was Grade 3 in
severity. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of hypophysitis
(including hypopituitarism and adrenal insufficiency). Administer
corticosteroids and hormone replacement as clinically indicated.
Withhold KEYTRUDA for Grade 2; withhold or discontinue for Grade 3 or 4
hypophysitis.

Hyperthyroidism occurred in 10 (1.8%) of 550 patients, including Grade 2
(0.7%) or 3 (0.3%) hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism occurred in 38 (6.9%)
of 550 patients, including Grade 2 (5.5%) or 3 (0.2%) hypothyroidism.
Thyroid disorders can occur at any time during treatment. Monitor
patients for changes in thyroid function (at the start of treatment,
periodically during treatment, and as indicated based on clinical
evaluation) and for clinical signs and symptoms of thyroid disorders.
Administer replacement hormones for hypothyroidism and manage
hyperthyroidism with thionamides and beta-blockers as appropriate.
Withhold or discontinue KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab) for Grade 3 or 4
hyperthyroidism.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus, including diabetic ketoacidosis, occurred in 3
(0.1%) of 2117 patients. Monitor patients for hyperglycemia or other
signs and symptoms of diabetes. Administer insulin for type 1 diabetes,
and withhold KEYTRUDA and administer anti-hyperglycemics in patients
with severe hyperglycemia.

Immune-mediated nephritis occurred in patients receiving KEYTRUDA.
Monitor patients for changes in renal function. Administer
corticosteroids for Grade 2 or greater nephritis. Withhold KEYTRUDA for
Grade 2; permanently discontinue KEYTRUDA for Grade 3 or 4 nephritis.

Other clinically important immune-mediated adverse reactions can occur.
For suspected immune-mediated adverse reactions, ensure adequate
evaluation to confirm etiology or exclude other causes. Based on the
severity of the adverse reaction, withhold KEYTRUDA and administer
corticosteroids. Upon improvement to Grade 1 or less, initiate
corticosteroid taper and continue to taper over at least 1 month. Based
on limited data from clinical studies in patients whose immune-related
adverse reactions could not be controlled with corticosteroid use,
administration of other systemic immunosuppressants can be considered.
Resume KEYTRUDA when the adverse reaction remains at Grade 1 or less
following corticosteroid taper. Permanently discontinue KEYTRUDA for any
Grade 3 immune-mediated adverse reaction that recurs and for any
life-threatening immune-mediated adverse reaction.

The following clinically significant, immune-mediated adverse reactions
occurred in less than 1% of 550 patients: rash, vasculitis, hemolytic
anemia, serum sickness, and myasthenia gravis.

Severe and life-threatening infusion-related reactions have been
reported in 3 (0.1%) of 2117 patients. Monitor patients for signs and
symptoms of infusion-related reactions including rigors, chills,
wheezing, pruritus, flushing, rash, hypotension, hypoxemia, and fever.
For Grade 3 or 4 reactions, stop infusion and permanently discontinue
KEYTRUDA.

Based on its mechanism of action, KEYTRUDA can cause fetal harm when
administered to a pregnant woman. If used during pregnancy, or if the
patient becomes pregnant during treatment, apprise the patient of the
potential hazard to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to
use highly effective contraception during treatment and for 4 months
after the last dose of KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab).

KEYTRUDA was discontinued due to adverse reactions in 14% of 550
patients. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 38% of patients. The
most frequent serious adverse reactions reported in at least 2% of
patients were pleural effusion, pneumonia, dyspnea, pulmonary embolism,
and pneumonitis. The most common adverse reactions (reported in at least
20% of patients) were fatigue (44%), cough (29%), decreased appetite
(25%), and dyspnea (23%).

It is not known whether KEYTRUDA is excreted in human milk. Because many
drugs are excreted in human milk, instruct women to discontinue nursing
during treatment with KEYTRUDA and for 4 months after the final dose.

Safety and effectiveness of KEYTRUDA have not been established in
pediatric patients.

Our Focus on Cancer

Our goal is to translate breakthrough science into innovative oncology
medicines to help people with cancer worldwide. At Merck Oncology,
helping people fight cancer is our passion and supporting accessibility
to our cancer medicines is our commitment. Our focus is on pursuing
research in immuno-oncology and we are accelerating every step in the
journey – from lab to clinic – to potentially bring new hope to people
with cancer.

As part of our focus on cancer, Merck is committed to exploring the
potential of immuno-oncology with one of the fastest-growing development
programs in the industry. We are currently executing an expansive
research program that includes more than 350 clinical trials evaluating
our anti-PD-1 therapy across more than 30 tumor types. We also continue
to strengthen our immuno-oncology portfolio through strategic
acquisitions and are prioritizing the development of several promising
immunotherapeutic candidates with the potential to improve the treatment
of advanced cancers.

For more information about our oncology clinical trials, visit www.merck.com/clinicaltrials.

About Merck

For 125 years, Merck has been a global health care leader working to
help the world be well. Merck is known as MSD outside the United States
and Canada. Through our prescription medicines, vaccines, biologic
therapies, and animal health products, we work with customers and
operate in more than 140 countries to deliver innovative health
solutions. We also demonstrate our commitment to increasing access to
health care through far-reaching policies, programs and partnerships.
For more information, visit www.merck.com
and connect with us on Twitter,
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and LinkedIn.

Forward-Looking Statement of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, N.J., USA

This news release of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, N.J., USA (the
“company”) includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of
the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation
Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based upon the current beliefs
and expectations of the company’s management and are subject to
significant risks and uncertainties. There can be no guarantees with
respect to pipeline products that the products will receive the
necessary regulatory approvals or that they will prove to be
commercially successful. If underlying assumptions prove inaccurate or
risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results may differ materially
from those set forth in the forward-looking statements.

Risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to, general industry
conditions and competition; general economic factors, including interest
rate and currency exchange rate fluctuations; the impact of
pharmaceutical industry regulation and health care legislation in the
United States and internationally; global trends toward health care cost
containment; technological advances, new products and patents attained
by competitors; challenges inherent in new product development,
including obtaining regulatory approval; the company’s ability to
accurately predict future market conditions; manufacturing difficulties
or delays; financial instability of international economies and
sovereign risk; dependence on the effectiveness of the company’s patents
and other protections for innovative products; and the exposure to
litigation, including patent litigation, and/or regulatory actions.

The company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any
forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information,
future events or otherwise. Additional factors that could cause results
to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking
statements can be found in the company’s 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K
and the company’s other filings with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC) available at the SEC’s Internet site (www.sec.gov).

Please see Prescribing Information for KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab) at 

http://www.merck.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/k/keytruda/keytruda_pi.pdf

 and

Patient Information/Medication Guide for KEYTRUDA at 

http://www.merck.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/k/keytruda/keytruda_mg.pdf

.

Merck
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